ANSWERS PAGE

Health Education

2c)

1. Adequate ventilation

2. Access to natural light

3. Access to safe and clean water supply

4. Soundproofing

5. Appropriate fire safety measures

6. Appropriate insulation

7. Durable and low-maintenance building materials

6a}

Faulty construction.

Extraordinary loads.

Foundation failure.

Unexpected failure mode.

Natural disasters.

Soil liquification.

Demolition through explosives.

6c.

i. Satisfaction of physiological needs.

ii. Protection against infection.

iii. Protection against accidents.

iv. Protection against psychological and social stresses

1a.

(I) Air pollution

(II) Noise pollution.

1b.

(I) Air pollution can negatively affect the respiratory system (lungs), causing difficulty in breathing, coughing, wheezing, and other respiratory problems.

(II) Noise pollution can negatively affect the ears, causing hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and other ear-related problems.

(III) Air pollution can also negatively affect the eyes, causing irritation, inflammation, and other eye-related problems.

(IV) Noise pollution can also negatively affect the nervous system, causing headaches, anxiety, stress, and other mental health problems.

To implement pollution control measures such as using filters and other technologies to reduce emissions and noise levels. They could also implement a proper waste management system to prevent pollution.

1d.

(I) Increased risk of respiratory problems such as asthma and lung cancer due to air pollution.

(II) Increased risk of hearing loss, tinnitus, and other ear-related problems due to noise pollution.

(III) Increased risk of anxiety, stress, and other mental health problems due to constant exposure to pollution and noise.

HEALTH PRACTICAL

(1a)

(PICK ANY TWO)

(i) Air pollution

(ii) Water pollution

(iii) Noise pollution

(1b)

(i) The eye

(ii) The nose

(iii) The ear

(iv) The skin

(1c)

(PICK ANY ONE)

(i) Government should implement and enforce stricter regulations

(ii) Government should promote cleaner production technologies

(iii) Government should encourage sustainable practices

(iv) Governemnt should support renewable energy sources

(v) industrial pollution and involving them in decision-making processes can lead to more effective solutions.

(vi) Governments should provide assistance to communities affected by industrial pollution.

(1d)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Water pollution can cause waterborne diseases, gastrointestinal disorders, and long-term health issues.

(ii) Prolonged exposure to excessive noise can lead to hearing loss, stress, sleep disturbances, and cardiovascular problems.

(iii) Living in close proximity to industrial sites can cause chronic stress, anxiety, and mental health issues due to the noise pollution.

(iv) Prolonged exposure to toxic chemicals and gases can lead to respiratory problems, aggravate existing conditions like asthma, and increase the risk of lung cancer.

Health Education

2c)

1. Adequate ventilation

2. Access to natural light

3. Access to safe and clean water supply

4. Soundproofing

5. Appropriate fire safety measures

6. Appropriate insulation

7. Durable and low-maintenance building materials

6a}

Faulty construction.

Extraordinary loads.

Foundation failure.

Unexpected failure mode.

Natural disasters.

Soil liquification.

Demolition through explosives.

6c.

i. Satisfaction of physiological needs.

ii. Protection against infection.

iii. Protection against accidents.

iv. Protection against psychological and social stresses.

1a.

(I) Air pollution

(II) Noise pollution.

1b.

(I) Air pollution can negatively affect the respiratory system (lungs), causing difficulty in breathing, coughing, wheezing, and other respiratory problems.

(II) Noise pollution can negatively affect the ears, causing hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and other ear-related problems.

(III) Air pollution can also negatively affect the eyes, causing irritation, inflammation, and other eye-related problems.

(IV) Noise pollution can also negatively affect the nervous system, causing headaches, anxiety, stress, and other mental health problems.

1d.

(I) Increased risk of respiratory problems such as asthma and lung cancer due to air pollution.

(II) Increased risk of hearing loss, tinnitus, and other ear-related problems due to noise pollution.

(III) Increased risk of anxiety, stress, and other mental health problems due to constant exposure to pollution and noise.

1a.

(I) Air pollution

(II) Noise pollution.

1b.

(I) Air pollution can negatively affect the respiratory system (lungs), causing difficulty in breathing, coughing, wheezing, and other respiratory problems.

(II) Noise pollution can negatively affect the ears, causing hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and other ear-related problems.

(III) Air pollution can also negatively affect the eyes, causing irritation, inflammation, and other eye-related problems.

(IV) Noise pollution can also negatively affect the nervous system, causing headaches, anxiety, stress, and other mental health problems.

1d.

(I) Increased risk of respiratory problems such as asthma and lung cancer due to air pollution.

(II) Increased risk of hearing loss, tinnitus, and other ear-related problems due to noise pollution.

(III) Increased risk of anxiety, stress, and other mental health problems due to constant exposure to pollution and noise.

HEALTH PRACTICAL

(5a)

(i) Lung cancer

(ii) Mental health disorders

(iii) Cardiovascular disease

(iv) Stroke

(5b)

(PICK ANY FOUR)

(i) Peer pressure

(ii) Low self-esteem

(iii) Lack of awareness or misinformation

(iv) Media influence

(v) Family and parental influence

(vi) Rebellion and independence

(vii) Easy access and availability of the substance

(5c)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) There is often a social stigma associated with smoking hard drugs, which can lead to discrimination and marginalization of individuals who use these substances

(ii) Smoking may lead to decreased concentration, impaired memory, and reduced cognitive abilities which can result in poor academic performance.

(iii) Smoking hard drugs can often lead to criminal activity, as individuals may need to engage in illegal behavior to obtain and pay for their drugs.

(iv) The cost of smoking hard drugs can be substantial, and individuals may find themselves in financial distress as they struggle to pay for their addiction.

HEALTH PRACTICAL

(3a)

Kwashiokor

(3b)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Stunted growth

(ii) Severe weight loss

(iii) Loss of appetite

(iv) Fatigue and weakness

(v) Edema

(vi) Loss of muscle mass

(3ci)

(PICK ANY ONE)

-Inadequate protein intake

-Infections and diseases

-Lack of proper breastfeeding

(3cii)

(PICK ANY ONE)

-Inadequate protein intake:

(i) Consuming a diet that is primarily based on starchy staples without enough protein-rich foods like meat, fish, eggs can lead to protein deficiency.

(ii) A diet that is low in protein, especially for an extended period of time, can lead to kwashiorkor

-Infections and diseases:

(i) Certain infections and diseases can impair the body's ability to absorb and utilize proteins effectively.

(ii) Conditions such as gastrointestinal infections, parasitic infestations, chronic diarrhea, and other diseases that cause malabsorption can increase the risk of developing kwashiorkor.

-Lack of breastfeeding:

(i) The absence of breastfeeding can contribute to defieciency in protein and other vital nutrients which leads kwashiokor

(ii) When infants are weaned too early, they are more susceptible to kwashiokor

(3d)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Legumes

(ii) Eggs

(iii) Milk

(iv) Potatoes

(v) Oats

(vi) Spinach

(vii) Tomatoes

(4a)

A: Kyphosis

B: Scoliosis

C: Knock-knees

D: Bow Legs

(4b)

(PICK ANY THREE)

(i) Genetic factors: It may be inherited from parents who have similar issues.

(ii) Injuries: Accidents and injuries can also cause postural defects by affecting the muscles and bones.

(iii) Aging: As we age, our muscles and bones change, leading to an increased risk of postural defects and other musculoskeletal problems.

(4c)

(i) Pain and discomfort: It can cause pain and discomfort in various parts of the body, specifically the back, neck, shoulders, and hips. Over time, this pain can negatively impact an individual's quality of life.

(ii) Reduced mobility and flexibility: It can limit a person's range of motion and flexibility. This can make it difficult to perform everyday tasks, such as bending, reaching, or lifting. Overall, it can hinder an individual's ability to move with ease and lead to discomfort while performing certain activities.

(4d)

(CHOOSE ANY ONE)

(i) By Exercise: Regular exercise that focuses on improving posture can help to correct postural defects. Such exercises may include stretching, strength training, and aerobic exercises, which can improve muscle tone, flexibility, and body awareness.

(ii) By Physical therapy: A physical therapist can evaluate a person's posture and provide recommendations for correction. This may involve performing specific exercises, utilizing postural supports, or receiving manual therapy to help improve alignment and reduce pain. A physical therapist can also help to identify any underlying musculoskeletal conditions that may be contributing to the postural defect and develop a plan to address these concerns.

HEALTH SCIENCE PRACTICAL

(4a)

A - Kyphosis

B - Scoliosis

C - Knock knees

D - Bow legs

(4b)

(i) Poor posture

(ii) Vitamin D deficiency

(iii) Degenerative changes in the spine.

(4c)

(i) Reduced flexibility in the spine